Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
PREFACE
1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.5 DEEMED TO SATISFY
1.6 INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIED LIMITING VALUES
2 TYPES OF SPRINKLERS
2.1 TYPE OF SPRINKLER ACCORDING TO TYPE OF HEAT RESPONSIVE ELEMENT
2.1.1 Metallic element sprinkler
2.1.2 Frangible glass bulb sprinkler
2.2 TYPE OF SPRINKLER ACCORDING TO WATER DISTRIBUTION
2.2.1 Conventional sprinkler
2.2.2 Spray-sprinkler
2.2.3 Flat spray-sprinkler
2.2.4 Sidewall sprinkler
2.2.5 Residential sprinkler
2.3 TYPE OF SPRINKLER ACCORDING TO MOUNTING POSITION
2.3.1 Upright sprinkler
2.3.2 Pendent sprinkler
2.3.3 Horizontal sprinkler
2.4 SPECIAL TYPES OF SPRINKLER
2.4.1 Dry sprinkler
2.4.2 Flush sprinkler
2.4.3 Recessed sprinkler
2.4.4 Concealed sprinkler
2.4.5 On-off sprinkler
2.4.6 Fast-response sprinkler
2.4.7 Residential sprinkler
2.4.8 Extended coverage sprinkler
2.4.9 Large drop sprinkler
2.4.10 Early suppression fast-response
2.4.11 Large orifice and extra large orifice
2.4.12 Quick response sprinkler
3 REQUIREMENTS
3.1 DIMENSIONS
3.2 UPGRADING OF SPRINKLER INSTALLATIONS
3.3 NOMINAL RELEASE TEMPERATURES
3.4 OPERATING TEMPERATURES
3.4.1 Metallic element sprinklers
3.4.2 Frangible glass bulb sprinklers
3.5 WATER FLOW AND DISTRIBUTION
3.5.1 Flow constant
3.5.2 Water distribution
3.6 FUNCTION
3.6.1 Release temperatures
3.6.2 Deflector strength
3.7 STRENGTH OF SPRINKLER BODY
3.8 STRENGTH OF RELEASE ELEMENT
3.8.1 Frangible glass bulbs
3.8.2 Metallic heat-responsive elements
3.9 LEAK RESISTANCE
3.10 HEAT EXPOSURE
3.10.1 Frangible glass bulb sprinklers
3.10.2 Uncoated sprinklers
3.10.3 Coated sprinklers
3.11 THERMAL SHOCK
3.12 CORROSION
3.12.1 Stress corrosion
3.12.2 Sulfur dioxide corrosion
3.12.3 Salt spray corrosion
3.12.4 Moist air exposure
3.13 INTEGRITY OF SPRINKLER COATING
3.13.1 Evaporation of wax and bitumen
3.13.2 Resistance to low temperatures
3.13.3 Resistance to high temperatures
3.14 WATER HAMMER
3.15 DYNAMIC HEATING
3.15.1 RTI determination
3.15.2 Post-exposure RTI
3.16 RESISTANCE TO HEAT
3.17 RESISTANCE TO VIBRATION
3.18 RESISTANCE TO IMPACT
3.19 CRIB FIRE PERFORMANCE
3.20 LATERAL DISCHARGE
3.21 30 DAY LEAKAGE RESISTANCE
3.22 VACUUM RESISTANCE
4 TEST METHODS
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 EXAMINATION
4.2.1 Preliminary examination
4.2.2 Visual examination
4.3 DETERMINATION OF SERVICE LOAD (See Clause 3.7)
4.3.1 Measurements at service load
4.3.2 Measurements at twice the service load
4.4 LEAK-RESISTANCE TEST (See Clause 3.9)
4.5 FUNCTIONAL TEST (See Clause 3.6.1)
4.5.1 Sprinklers less than 78°C
4.5.2 Sprinklers more than 78°C
4.5.3 Following pressures
4.5.4 Lodgement and test quantity escalation
4.5.5 Lodgement
4.5.6 Deflector strength
4.6 TESTING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HEAT RESPONSIVE ELEMENT
4.6.1 Test of static operation behaviour
4.6.2 Dynamic heating test
4.6.2.1 Plunge test
4.6.2.2 Determination of conductivity factor, C
4.6.2.3 RTI value calculation
4.6.2.4 Determination of RTI for the worst case orientation
4.7 HEAT EXPOSURE TEST
4.7.1 Frangible glass bulb sprinklers (see Clause 3.10.1)
4.7.2 Uncoated sprinklers (see Clause 3.10.2)
4.7.3 Coated sprinklers (see Clause 3.10.3)
4.8 THERMAL SHOCK TEST FOR GLASS BULB SPRINKLERS
4.9 STRENGTH TEST FOR RELEASE ELEMENTS (see Appendix A)
4.9.1 Frangible glass bulbs
4.9.2 Fusible metallic elements
4.10 WATER FLOW TEST
4.11 WATER DISTRIBUTION TEST
4.11.1 Conventional, spray, flat spray and dry sprinklers
4.11.2 Sidewall sprinklers
4.11.3 Water distribution above and below the deflector
4.12 CORROSION TESTS
4.12.1 Stress corrosion test with aqueous ammonia solution
4.12.2 Sulfur dioxide corrosion test
4.12.3 Salt spray corrosion test
4.12.3.1 Sprinklers for normal atmospheres
4.12.3.2 Sprinklers for corrosive atmospheres
4.12.4 Sprinklers for moist air exposure
4.13 TESTS FOR SPRINKLER COATINGS
4.13.1 Evaporation test
4.13.2 Low-temperature test
4.14 HEAT-RESISTANCE TEST
4.15 WATER-HAMMER TEST
4.16 VIBRATION TEST
4.16.1 Sinusoidal vibration
4.16.2 Resonance points
4.16.3 Leakage test
4.17 IMPACT TEST
4.18 CRIB FIRE TEST
4.18.1 Apparatus
4.18.1.1
4.18.1.2
4.18.1.3
4.18.2 Sprinkler installation
4.18.2.1
4.18.2.2
4.18.2.3
4.18.3 Test room
4.18.4 Procedure
4.18.5 Performance criteria
4.19 30 DAY LEAKAGE TEST
4.20 VACUUM TEST
5 MARKING
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
Cited references in this standard
UL 199 (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.)
Standard for safety, automatic sprinklers for fire protection
Content history
[Superseded]
[Superseded]
[Superseded]
DR 92183
AS 4118.1.1-1996 Rec:2013
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