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AS 2243.2:2021
[Current]Safety in laboratories, Part 2: Chemical aspects and storage
This Standard sets out requirements and guidance for safe work practices with chemicals in laboratories. Includes procedures for handling flammable, toxic, corrosive, unstable and highly reactive chemicals, and compressed and liquefied gases. Includes the safe keeping and storage of chemicals and gases inside a laboratory and associated areas. KEYWORDS: Laboratory safety, chemical storage, chemical handling
Published: 10/09/2021
Pages: 88
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Introduction
1 Scope and general
1.1 Scope
1.2 Application
1.3 Normative references
1.4 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
2 Planning for chemical safety
3 Chemical safety management
3.1 General
3.2 Management system components
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Safety information
3.2.3 Security
3.2.4 Storage and handling of chemicals
3.2.4.1 General
3.2.4.2 Storage and handling of chemical waste
3.2.5 Maintenance of laboratory services and cleaning of laboratories
3.2.6 Health monitoring
3.2.6.1 General
3.2.6.2 Workers using NOAAs
3.2.7 Safety equipment
3.2.8 Laboratory chemical wastes
3.2.8.1 General
3.2.8.2 Collection, handling and storage
3.2.8.3 Labelling of laboratory chemical waste
3.2.8.4 Disposal
3.3 Chemical safety practices
3.3.1 Principles of protection
3.3.1.1 General
3.3.1.2 Hazard identification, risk assessment and control process
3.3.1.3 Control measures
3.3.2 Environmental considerations
3.3.3 Housekeeping
3.4 Spill management
3.4.1 General
3.4.2Planning
3.4.3 Spills inside fume cupboards
3.4.4 Spills outside fume cupboards
3.5 Fire, emergency and rescue procedures
4 Safe use of chemical substances
4.1 General
4.2 Chemical hazards
4.3 Gases
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Handling of gases, compressed or liquefied (other than cryogenic liquids)
4.3.3 Handling of cryogenic fluids
4.4 Flammable chemicals
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Precautions for highly flammable liquids
4.4.3 Special sources of danger
4.4.4 Precautions for Class 4 substances (dangerous solids)
4.5 Toxic chemicals
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Toxic dusts
4.6 Corrosive substances
4.7 Unstable chemicals
4.8 Highly reactive chemicals
4.9 Nanotechnology
4.9.1 General
4.9.2 Hazard identification
4.9.3 Safety data sheet (SDS)
4.9.4 Risk assessment and control
4.9.5 Control strategies
4.9.6 Engineering control techniques
4.9.7 Ventilation and general considerations
4.9.7.1 General ventilation
4.9.7.2 Closed containment of a process (enclosure and isolation)
4.9.7.3 Air recirculation and filtration
4.9.8 Work practices
4.9.9 Administrative means for the control of workplace exposure
4.9.9.1 General
4.9.9.2 Record keeping
4.9.9.3 Information, instruction, training and supervision
4.9.9.4 Labelling
4.9.9.5 Signage
4.9.10 Safety equipment and hygiene
4.9.11 Cleaning and maintenance
4.9.12 Handling, storage and transport
4.9.13 Waste disposal
4.9.14 Other hazards
4.9.15 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
4.9.15.1 General
4.9.15.2 Gloves
4.9.15.3 Footwear
4.9.15.4 Respiratory protection
4.9.15.5 Respirators
4.9.15.6 Eye protection
4.9.15.7 Body protection
4.9.15.8 Other forms of PPE
5 Basic principles of storage
5.1 Scope
5.2 Documentation
5.3 Knowledge of chemicals and gases
5.4 Choice of risk control measures
5.5 Storage procedures
5.6 Segregation
5.6.1 Information on chemicals and gases
5.6.2 Classification for segregation
6 Required features for a laboratory, storeroom or space, chemical storage cabinets, laboratory cupboards, racks and shelves
6.1 Scope
6.2 Laboratory design and construction
6.3 Chemical storage cabinets
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Cabinet storage capacity
6.3.3 Mixed Class DG storage in a cabinet
6.3.4 Design
6.3.5 Ventilation
6.3.6 Cabinet location
6.4 Laboratory cupboards
6.5 Display of hazard identification information
6.6 Storeroom or space
6.7 Room for opening packages
6.8 Shelves and racks
7 Storage of chemicals and gas cylinders within a laboratory
7.1 Scope
7.2 Size of chemical package
7.3 Quantities of chemicals in storage within a laboratory
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Maximum quantities of hazardous chemicals in storage within a laboratory other than in chemical storage cabinets
7.3.3 Maximum quantities of hazardous chemicals in chemical storage cabinets within a laboratory
7.3.3.1 Cabinet storage capacity
7.3.3.2 Separation
7.4 Method of keeping chemicals
7.4.1 Enclosed storage
7.4.2 Open storage
7.4.3 Burettes
7.5 Restriction on opening packages
7.6 Segregation in storage
7.6.1 Incompatible chemicals
7.6.1.1 General
7.6.1.2 Horizontal and vertical storage on open shelving
7.6.1.3 Chemical storage cabinets
7.6.2 Class 3 dangerous goods (flammable liquids) and combustible liquids
7.6.3 Class 4.1 dangerous goods (flammable solids)
7.6.4 Class 4.2 dangerous goods (substances liable to spontaneous combustion)
7.6.5 Class 4.3 dangerous goods (substances that, in contact with water, emit flammable gases)
7.6.6 Class 5.1 dangerous goods (oxidizing substances)
7.6.7 Class 5.2 dangerous goods (organic peroxides)
7.6.8 Class 6.1 dangerous goods (toxic substances)
7.6.9 Class 8 dangerous goods (corrosive substances)
7.6.10 Class 9 dangerous goods (miscellaneous dangerous goods and articles)
7.7 Compressed gases and cryogenic liquids
7.7.1 Compressed gas cylinders
7.7.2 Class 2.3 toxic gases
7.7.3 Cryogenic liquids
7.7.3.1 Flammable or toxic cryogenic liquids
7.7.3.2 Other cryogenic liquids
7.7.4 Size of gas cylinders
8 Storing chemicals in a separate store
8.1 Scope
8.2 Store location
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Internal store
8.2.3 External stores
8.3 Exclusions
8.4 Store requirements
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Store construction
8.4.2.1 General
8.4.2.2 Floor
8.4.3 Ventilation
8.4.4 Cooled stores
8.4.5 Heating
8.4.6 Ignition sources
8.4.7 Spillage containment
8.5 Method of storage
8.5.1 Chemical storage cabinets
8.5.2 Other storage
8.5.2.1 General
8.5.2.2 Pallet storage
8.5.2.3 Shelving
8.5.2.4 Access
8.5.3 Maximum storage quantities
8.6 Management of movement of goods
8.7 Restriction on opening of packages
8.8 Segregation in storage
8.9 Fire protection
8.10 Display of hazard identification information
8.11 Safety equipment
9 Storing gases and cryogenic liquids in a dedicated store
9.1 Scope of section
9.2 General
9.3 Requirements and location of store
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Ventilation
9.3.3 Electrical equipment
9.4 Maximum quantities
9.5 Method of storage
9.6 Segregation in storage
9.7 Separation from other occupancies
9.7.1 Separation distance
9.7.2 Mixed storage of gases
9.7.3 Fire-resistant walls
9.7.4 Ignition sources
9.8 Display of hazard identification information
10 Package opening and transfer
10.1 General
10.2 Work procedures for package opening
10.3 Transferring and repackaging
10.4 Liquid transfer
10.5 Spillage containment
10.6 Fire protection
Appendix A
Appendix B
B.1 Scope
B.2 Clean-up procedures
Appendix C
C.1 Scope
C.2 General
C.3 Ventilation
C.4 Personal protection requirements for cryogenic fluids
C.4.1 Protection of face
C.4.2 Protection of hands
C.4.3 Protection of the body
C.5 Handling guidelines
C.5.1 General
C.5.2 Air condensation and oxygen enrichment
C.5.3 Working at reduced pressure
C.5.4 Proprietary equipment
C.6 Storage and transport
C.6.1 General
C.6.2 Transport requirements
C.6.3 Bulk storage unit requirements
C.7 Transfer techniques
C.8 Emergency measures and first aid
C.8.1 Cold contact burns
C.8.2 First aid and general treatment
Appendix D
D.1 General
D.2 Organic
D.3 Inorganic and organometallic
Appendix E
E.1 Scope
E.2 Acid salts
E.3 Sodamide
E.4 Gaseous halogens
E.5 Metals, metal hydrides, metal alkyls
E.5.1 Alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium
E.5.2 Powdered metals, including magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron
E.5.3 Metal alkyls
E.5.4 Metal hydrides
E.5.5 Metal phosphides
E.6 Oxidizing agents — Chlorates and nitrates
Appendix F
F.1 Scope
F.2 Hazardous chemicals
F.2.1 Amines
F.2.2 Benzene
F.2.3 Bromine
F.2.4 Carbon monoxide
F.2.5 Carbon disulfide
F.2.6 Carbonyl, nickel carbonyl, iron carbonyl
F.2.7 Chlorinated hydrocarbons
F.2.8 Chromium compounds
F.2.9 Cyanides, hydrogen cyanide
F.2.10 Ethidium bromide
F.2.11 Formaldehyde
F.2.12 Hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen fluoride, potassium hydrogen fluoride
F.2.13 Lead salts and lead-containing dusts
F.2.14 Mercury
F.2.15 Nitrobenzene
F.2.16 Phenol
F.2.17 Pyridine
F.2.18 Sulfur dioxide
F.2.19 Thallium and its compounds
Appendix G
G.1 Scope
G.2 Strong acids
G.2.1 Hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride
G.2.2 Hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen fluoride
G.2.3 Nitric acid, fuming nitric acid
G.2.4 Sulfuric acid, oleum and chlorosulfonic acid
G.2.5 Acid cleaning mixtures
G.3 Strong bases
G.3.1 Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium oxide
G.3.2 Ammonia solutions
G.4 Halides — Boron trichloride, boron tribromide, silicon tetrachloride, aluminium chloride, titanium chloride
Appendix H
H.1 Scope
H.2 Unstable substances
H.2.1 Acetylene and acetylides
H.2.2 Azides and silvering solutions
H.2.3 Azo and diazo compounds
H.2.4 Chlorates and perchlorates
H.2.5 Chlorides of aluminium, silicon, tin (IV), titanium and zirconium
H.2.6 Ethers, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran
H.2.7 Monomers
H.2.8 Peroxides
Appendix I
I.1 Introduction
I.2 Properties of perchloric acid
I.3 Hazards associated with the use of perchloric acid
I.4 Safe working conditions
I.5 Laboratory practice
I.6 Dismantling an exhaust ventilation system suspected of contamination with perchlorates
Appendix J
J.1 General
J.2 Common types of nanomaterials
J.2.1 Fullerenes, nanotubes, nanowires
J.2.2 Metals
J.2.3 Metal oxides
J.2.4 Semiconductors (quantum dots)
J.2.5 Polymeric nanomaterials
J.3 Physical and chemical properties that can change at the nanoscale
J.4 Toxicity of nanomaterials
J.5 Applying a precautionary approach to the choice of risk controls
J.6 Safety data sheets (SDS) for nanomaterials
J.7 Control strategies
J.7.1 General
J.7.2 Examples
J.8 Engineering controls for specific industries
Appendix K
Bibliography
Amendment control sheet
AS 2243.2:2021
Amendment No. 1 (2023)
Revised text amendment
Cited references in this standard
EN 14470
Fire safety storage cabinets
Content history
[Current]
[Superseded]
[Superseded]
DR AS 2243.2:2020
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