Standard
UPDATE AVAILABLE
AS 2159-1995
[Superseded]Piling — Design and installation
Specifies minimum requirements for the design, calculation and testing of piled foundations for civil engineering and building structures, on land and immediate inshore locations.
Published: 05/08/1995
Pages: 46
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
PREFACE
FOREWORD
1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 APPLICATION
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.5 NOTATION
1.6 CLASSIFICATION OF PILES
1.6.1 General
1.6.2 Displacement piles
1.6.3 Non-displacement piles
1.6.3.1 General
1.6.3.2 Supported
1.6.3.3 Unsupported
1.6.4 Partial displacement, post-grouted and preloaded non-displacement piles
1.7 USE OF ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS OR METHODS
1.7.1 General
1.7.2 Existing structures
2 SITE INVESTIGATIONS
2.1 SITE INVESTIGATION
2.2 INFORMATION REQUIRED
3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES
3.1 AIM
3.2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Design for ultimate strength
3.2.3 Design for serviceability
3.2.4 Design for durability
3.2.5 Design for other relevant requirements
3.3 LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR STRENGTH AND SERVICEABILITY DESIGN
3.3.1 Loads and other actions
3.3.1.1 General
3.3.1.2 Soil movement
3.3.1.3 Handling
3.3.1.4 Installation
3.3.2 Load combinations for strength design
3.3.3 Load combinations for serviceability design
4 GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN
4.1 SCOPE
4.2 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL STRENGTH DESIGN
4.2.1 Design geotechnical strength
4.2.2 Assessment of geotechnical strength reduction factor (ϕg)
4.2.3 Assessment of ultimate geotechnical strength (Rug)
4.3 DETAILED DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR STRENGTH
4.3.1 Ultimate geotechnical strength in compression
4.3.2 Ultimate geotechnical strength in uplift
4.3.3 Ultimate geotechnical strength of a pile group in compression or uplift
4.3.3.1 General
4.3.3.2 End-bearing piles
4.3.3.3 Soft material at depth
4.3.4 Combined pile and raft footing
4.3.5 Negative friction
4.3.6 Soil swelling
4.3.7 Ultimate geotechnical strength for lateral loading
4.3.8 Cyclic loading
4.3.9 Dynamic loading
4.3.10 Earthquake loading
4.4 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN FOR SERVICEABILITY
4.4.1 Design actions
4.4.2 Design criteria
4.4.3 Deflection limits
4.4.4 Geotechnical parameters, for serviceability limit states
4.5 DETAILED DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICEABILITY
4.5.1 Deflection of a pile
4.5.2 Combined pile and raft footing
4.5.3 Settlement due to negative friction
4.5.4 Pile heave due to soil swelling
4.5.5 Deflection due to cyclic, dynamic and torsional or other loads
5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN
5.1 SCOPE
5.2 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL STRENGTH DESIGN
5.2.1 Design structural strength
5.2.2 Design bending moment (M∗)
5.2.3 Buckling of a pile
5.2.4 Pile splice
5.3 CONCRETE AND GROUT PILES
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Strength reduction factors—concrete piles
5.3.3 Strength reduction factors—grout piles
5.3.4 Reinforcement requirement
5.3.5 Partially reinforced pile
5.3.6 Unreinforced piles
5.3.7 Prestressed concrete pile
5.3.8 Lateral restraint of longitudinal reinforcement and tendons
5.4 STEEL PILES
5.5 COMPOSITE STEEL CONCRETE PILES
5.6 TIMBER PILES
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Cross-sectional area
5.6.3 Timber pile splices
5.6.4 Connection details
6 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
6.1 SCOPE
6.2 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY OF CONCRETE PILES
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Design life
6.2.3 Exposure classification for concrete piles
6.2.4 Durability requirements
6.3 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY OF STEEL PILES
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Design life
6.3.3 Exposure classification for steel piles
6.3.4 Corrosion allowance for steel piles
6.3.5 Coating protection systems
6.3.6 Cathodic protection
6.4 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY OF TIMBER PILES
6.4.1 Design life
6.4.2 Timber selection and treatment
6.4.3 Timber preservation
6.4.4 Treatment after cut-off
6.4.5 Marine piles
7 MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
7.1 GENERAL
7.1.1 All materials
7.1.2 Concrete
7.1.3 Grout
7.1.4 Steel
7.1.5 Timber
7.2 TOLERANCES AND DEFECTS
7.2.1 Positional tolerances
7.2.2 Cut-off levels
7.2.3 Trimming and capping
7.2.4 Variation in pile depths
7.2.5 Defective piles
7.3 DISPLACEMENT PILES—PREFORMED
7.3.1 Dimensional tolerances
7.3.2 Handling and storage
7.3.3 Installation
7.3.3.1 Driving stresses
7.3.3.2 Founding criteria
7.3.3.3 Pile heave
7.4 DISPLACEMENT PILES—DRIVEN CAST-IN-PLACE
7.4.1 Dimensional accuracy
7.4.2 Liners
7.4.3 Construction
7.5 NON-DISPLACEMENT PILES
7.5.1 Dimensional accuracy
7.5.2 Support systems
7.5.3 Excavation of the pile shaft
7.5.4 Base and shaft preparation
7.5.5 Construction
7.5.6 Continuous flight auger piles
7.5.6.1 Installation
7.5.6.2 Sampling and testing
7.6 RECORDS OF DATA
7.6.1 Driven displacement piles
7.6.2 Non-displacement piles
8 TESTING
8.1 SCOPE
8.2 PILE LOAD TESTING
8.2.1 Test load types
8.2.2 Information required
8.2.3 Acceptance of Piles
8.3 STATIC LOAD TESTING
8.3.1 Preparation for testing
8.3.2 Reaction system
8.3.3 Equipment for loading and test measurement
8.3.3.1 General
8.3.3.2 Measurement of load
8.3.3.3 Measurement of pile displacement
8.3.4 Test procedure
8.3.5 Incremental sustained load test (ISL)
8.3.5.1 General
8.3.5.2 Maximum test load
8.3.5.3 Load application
8.3.5.4 Recording during the loading stages
8.3.5.5 Recording during unloading stages
8.3.5.6 Acceptance criteria
8.3.6 Supervision and recording of results
8.3.7 Report
8.4 DYNAMIC PILE TESTING
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Pile preparation
8.4.3 Hammer energy
8.4.4 Instrumentation
8.4.5 Test procedure
8.4.6 Acceptance criteria
8.4.7 Supervision and recording of results
8.4.8 Report
8.5 INTEGRITY TESTING
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Preparation for testing
8.5.3 Time of testing
8.5.4 Test procedure
8.5.5 Sonic impact test (SIT)
8.5.5.1 General
8.5.5.2 Application of impact
8.5.6 Sonic vibration test
8.5.6.1 General
8.5.6.2 Application of impulse
8.5.7 Sonic logging test (SLT)
8.5.7.1 General
8.5.7.2 Application of the sonic pulse
8.5.8 Acceptance criteria
8.5.9 Supervision and recording of results
8.5.10 Report
Cited references in this standard
AS 1554
Structural steel welding (known as the SAA Structural Steel Welding Code)
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