ISO 11568-4:2007 specifies techniques for the protection of symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic keys in a retail financial services environment using asymmetric cryptosystems and the life-cycle management of the associated asymmetric keys. The techniques described in this part of ISO 11568 enable compliance with the principles described in ISO 11568-1. For the purposes of this document, the retail financial services environment is restricted to the interface between: a card-accepting device and an acquirer;an acquirer and a card issuer;an ICC and a card-accepting device.