Standard
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AS/NZS ISO 19148:2012
[Superseded]Geographic information — Linear referencing
Adopts ISO 19148:2012 to specify a conceptual schema for locations relative to a one-dimensional object as measurement along (and optionally offset from) that object. It defines a description of the data and operations required to use and support linear referencing. Applicable to transportation, utilities, location-based services and other applications which define locations relative to linear objects.
Published: 30/11/2012
Pages: 86
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Conformance
2.1 Conformance overview
2.2 Conformance classes
2.2.1 General
2.2.2 Data type conformance
2.2.3 Operation conformance
3 Normative references
4 Terms and definitions
5 Abbreviated terms
6 Linear referencing
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Linear referencing concepts
6.1.1.1 General
6.1.1.2 Linear element
6.1.1.3 Linear Referencing Method
6.1.1.4 Distance Expression
6.1.1.4.1 Distance Along
6.1.1.4.2 Referents
6.1.1.4.3 Offsets
6.1.1.5 Linearly located events
6.1.1.5.1 Feature and attribute events
6.1.1.5.2 Event location
6.1.1.5.3 Event time
6.1.1.6 Linear segmentation
6.1.2 Linear referencing packages
6.2 Package: Linear Referencing System
6.2.1 Semantics
6.2.2 LR_PositionExpression
6.2.2.1 Semantics
6.2.2.2 Role: linearElement : LR_LinearElement
6.2.2.3 Role: LRM : LR_LinearReferencingMethod
6.2.2.4 Role: distanceExpression : LR_DistanceExpression
6.2.3 LR_LinearElement
6.2.3.1 Semantics
6.2.3.2 Attribute: linearElement : LR_LinearElementType
6.2.4 LR_LinearElementType
6.2.4.1 Semantics
6.2.5 LR_Feature
6.2.5.1 Semantics
6.2.5.2 Role: referent[0..*] : LR_Referent
6.2.6 LR_Curve
6.2.7 LR_DirectedEdge
6.2.8 LR_ILinearElement
6.2.8.1 Semantics
6.2.8.2 Operation: defaultLRM
6.2.8.3 Operation: measure
6.2.8.4 Operation: translateToInstance
6.2.8.5 Operation: translateToType
6.2.8.6 Operation: startValue
6.2.9 LR_ISpatial
6.2.9.1 Semantics
6.2.9.2 Operation: point
6.2.9.3 Operation: lrPosition
6.2.10 LR_LinearReferencingMethod
6.2.10.1 Semantics
6.2.10.2 Attribute: name : CharacterString
6.2.10.3 Attribute: type : LR_LRMType
6.2.10.4 Attribute: units : UnitOfMeasure
6.2.10.5 Attribute: constraint[0..*] : CharacterString
6.2.11 LR_LRMType
6.2.12 LR_DistanceExpression
6.2.12.1 Semantics
6.2.12.2 Attribute: distanceAlong : Measure
6.2.12.3 Role: referent[0..1] : LR_AlongReferent
6.2.13 LR_AlongReferent
6.2.13.1 Semantics
6.2.13.2 Attribute: fromReferent : LR_Referent
6.2.14 LR_Referent
6.2.14.1 Semantics
6.2.14.2 Attribute: name : CharacterString
6.2.14.3 Attribute: type : LR_ReferentType
6.2.14.4 Attribute: position[0..1] : GM_Point
6.2.14.5 Attribute: location[0..1] : LR_PositionExpression
6.2.15 LR_ReferentType
6.2.15.1 Semantics
6.3 Package: Linear Referencing Towards Referent
6.3.1 Semantics
6.3.2 LRTR_LRMWithTowardsReferent
6.3.2.1 Semantics
6.3.2.2 Attribute: type : LR_LRMType
6.3.3 LRTR_DualAlongReferent
6.3.3.1 Semantics
6.3.3.2 Attribute: towardsReferent[0..1] : LR_Referent
6.4 Package: Linear Referencing Offset
6.4.1 Semantics
6.4.2 LRO_LRMWithOffset
6.4.2.1 Semantics
6.4.2.2 Attribute: offsetUnits : UnitOfMeasure
6.4.2.3 Attribute: positiveLateralOffsetDirection : LRO_LateralOffsetDirection = “right”
6.4.2.4 Attribute: positiveVerticalOffsetDirection : LRO_VerticalOffsetDirection = “up”
6.4.3 LRO_LateralOffsetDirection
6.4.4 LRO_VerticalOffsetDirection
6.4.5 LRO_LateralOffsetDistanceExpression
6.4.5.1 Semantics
6.4.5.2 Role: lateralOffsetExpression[0..1] : LRO_LateralOffsetExpression
6.4.5.3 Role: verticalOffsetExpression[0..1] : LRO_VerticalOffsetExpression
6.4.6 LRO_LateralOffsetExpression
6.4.6.1 Semantics
6.4.6.2 Attribute: offsetLateralDistance[0..1] : Measure
6.4.6.3 Attribute: lateralOffsetReferent[0..1] : LRO_LateralOffsetReferent
6.4.7 LRO_LateralOffsetReferent
6.4.8 LRO_VerticalOffsetExpression
6.4.8.1 Semantics
6.4.8.2 Attribute: offsetVerticalDistance[0..1] : Measure
6.4.8.3 Attribute: verticalOffsetReferent[0..1] : LRO_VerticalOffsetReferent
6.4.9 LRO_VerticalOffsetReferent
6.5 Package: Linear Referencing Offset Vector
6.5.1 Semantics
6.5.2 LROV_VectorOffsetDistanceExpression
6.5.2.1 Semantics
6.5.2.2 Role: vectorOffsetExpression[0..1] : LROV_VectorOffsetExpression
6.5.3 LROV_VectorOffsetExpression
6.5.3.1 Semantics
6.5.3.2 Attribute: offsetVector : Vector
6.5.3.3 Attribute: vectorCRS[0..1] : SC_CRS
6.6 Package: Linearly Located Event
6.6.1 Semantics
6.6.2 Linearly located event
6.6.2.1 Semantics
6.6.3 LE_Feature
6.6.3.1 Semantics
6.6.3.2 Role: featureOrAttributeEvent[0..*] : LE_Event
6.6.4 LE_Event
6.6.4.1 Semantics
6.6.4.2 Attribute: eventName : CharacterString
6.6.4.3 Attribute: value[0..1] : ANY
6.6.4.4 Attribute: location[1..*] : LE_EventLocation
6.6.4.5 Attribute: time[0..1] : LE_EventTime
6.6.4.6 Role: locatedFeature[0..1] : Feature
6.6.5 LE_EventLocation
6.6.6 LE_AtLocation
6.6.6.1 Semantics
6.6.6.2 Attribute: atPosition : LR_DistanceExpression
6.6.6.3 Attribute: overridingLRM[0..1] : LR_LinearReferencingMethod
6.6.7 LE_FromToLocation
6.6.7.1 Semantics
6.6.7.2 Attribute: fromPosition : LR_DistanceExpression
6.6.7.3 Attribute: toPosition : LR_DistanceExpression
6.6.7.4 Attribute: overridingLRM[0..1] : LR_LinearReferencingMethod
6.6.8 LE_EventTime
6.6.9 LE_EventInstant
6.6.9.1 Semantics
6.6.9.2 Attribute: atTime : TM_Instant
6.6.10 LE_EventPeriod
6.6.10.1 Semantics
6.6.10.2 Attribute: duration : TM_Period
6.7 Package: Linear Segmentation
6.7.1 Semantics
6.7.2 LS_SegmentableFeature
6.7.2.1 Semantics
6.7.2.2 Operation: segment
6.7.2.3 Role: resultantLinearSegmentSet[0..*] : LS_LinearSegmentSet
6.7.3 LS_LinearSegmentSet
6.7.3.1 Semantics
6.7.3.2 Attribute: eventName[1..*] : CharacterString
6.7.3.3 Operation: coalesce
6.7.3.4 Role: segmentedFeature : LS_SegmentableFeature
6.7.3.5 Role: linearSegment[1..*] : LS_LinearSegment
6.7.4 LS_LinearSegment
6.7.4.1 Semantics
6.7.4.2 Attribute: startFeatureLocation : LR_DistanceExpression
6.7.4.3 Attribute: endFeatureLocation : LR_DistanceExpression
6.7.4.4 Attribute: segmentingAttributeValue[1..*] : Record
6.7.4.5 Role: owningLinearSegmentSet : LS_LinearSegmentSet
Annex A
A.1 Data types
A.1.1 Data types for Linear Referencing System
A.1.2 Data types for Linear Referencing Towards Referent
A.1.2.1 Linear Referencing System
A.1.2.2 Linear Referencing Towards Referent
A.1.3 Data types for Linear Referencing Offset
A.1.3.1 Linear Referencing System
A.1.3.2 Linear Referencing Offset
A.1.4 Data types for Linear Referencing Offset Vector
A.1.4.1 Linear Referencing System
A.1.4.2 Linear Referencing Offset
A.1.4.3 Linear Referencing Offset Vector
A.1.5 Data types for Linearly Located Event
A.1.5.1 Linear Referencing System
A.1.5.2 Linearly Located Event
A.1.6 Data types for Linear segmentation
A.1.6.1 Linear Referencing System
A.1.6.2 Linearly Located Event
A.1.6.3 Linear segmentation
A.2 Operations
A.2.1 Operations for Linear Referencing System
A.2.2 Operations for Linear Referencing Towards Referent
A.2.2.1 Linear Referencing System
A.2.2.2 Linear Referencing Towards Referent
A.2.3 Operations for Linear Referencing Offset
A.2.3.1 Linear Referencing System
A.2.3.2 Linear Referencing Offset
A.2.4 Operations for Linear Referencing Offset Vector
A.2.4.1 Linear Referencing System
A.2.4.2 Linear Referencing Offset
A.2.4.3 Linear Referencing Offset Vector
A.2.5 Operations for Linearly Located Event
A.2.5.1 Linear Referencing System
A.2.5.2 Linearly Located Event
A.2.6 Operations for Linear segmentation
A.2.6.1 Linear Referencing System
A.2.6.2 Linearly Located Event
A.2.6.3 Linear segmentation
Annex B
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Location expression
B.3 Linear element
B.4 Linear referencing method
B.5 Distance expression
B.6 Offset expression
B.7 Translation
Annex C
C.1 Introduction
C.2 Absolute linear referencing methods
C.2.1 General
C.2.2 Milepoint
C.2.3 True mileage
C.2.4 Kilometre-point
C.2.5 Chainage
C.2.6 Hectometre-point
C.2.7 Reverse milepoint and kilopoint
C.2.8 Link offset
C.2.9 Milepoint with lateral offsets in feet
C.3 Relative linear referencing methods
C.3.1 General
C.3.2 Milepost
C.3.3 Kilopost
C.3.4 Kilometre-post
C.3.5 Reference post
C.3.6 County milepoint
C.3.7 Cross street
C.3.8 Control section
C.4 Interpolative linear referencing methods
C.4.1 General
C.4.2 Percentage
C.4.3 Normalized
C.5 Other linear referencing information
C.5.1 NCHRP 20-27(2) model
C.5.2 Cross-sectional positioning
Annex D
D.1 Linearly located feature event example
D.2 Linearly located attribute event example
D.3 Linear segmentation example
Bibliography
Cited references in this standard
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