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AS/NZS 2022:2003
[Current]Anhydrous ammonia — Storage and handling
Specifies requirements for the design, construction, location, and operation and testing of systems for the storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia. Requirements for the management of emergencies involving anhydrous ammonia and for the fire protection associated facilities are also specified.
Published: 25/03/2003
Pages: 61
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
1 Scope and general
1.1 Scope
1.2 Referenced documents
1.3 Definitions
2 General requirements for systems and equipment
2.1 Application
2.2 Operating pressure and design pressure
2.2.1 Operating pressure
2.2.2 Design pressure
2.3 Materials
2.3.1 General
2.3.2 Minimum design temperature
2.4 Electrical equipment and wiring
2.5 Protection of fittings
2.6 Filling and discharge connections
2.7 Valves and fittings
2.7.1 General
2.7.2 Hydrostatic relief valves
2.7.3 Pipeline shut off valve
2.7.4 Bleed valves
2.8 Excess flow valves and excess flow protection
2.8.1 General
2.8.2 Capacity of excess flow valves
2.8.3 Design of excess flow valves
2.8.4 Installation of excess flow valves
2.8.5 Alternative excess flow protection system
2.9 Piping
2.9.1 Design, fabrication and installation
2.9.2 Joints
2.9.3 Pipe runs
2.9.4 Concealed piping
2.9.5 Pipework testing
2.9.6 Marking
2.10 Liquid loading and unloading connections
2.10.1 General
2.10.2 Materials and construction
2.10.3 Installation testing
2.11 Flexible steel hose
2.11.1 Design pressure
2.11.2 End connectors
2.11.3 Installation testing
2.11.4 Marking
2.12 Rubber hose
2.12.1 Hose subject to container pressure
2.12.2 Low pressure hose
2.13 Pumps
2.13.1 Design pressure
2.13.2 Positive displacement pumps
2.13.3 Centrifugal pumps
2.13.4 Pressure gauge
2.13.5 Shut off valve
2.14 Compressors
2.14.1 General
2.14.2 Valves
2.14.3 Pressure gauges
2.15 Vaporizers
2.15.1 Type
2.15.2 Design
2.15.3 Installation
2.15.4 Safety devices
2.15.5 Marking
2.16 Emergency shut down system
2.17 Drive-away protection
2.18 Safety equipment
2.19 Personal protection equipment
3 Tank storage
3.1 Application
3.2 Tanks
3.2.1 General requirements
3.2.2 Tank markings
3.2.3 Tank painting
3.3 Pressure relief valves
3.3.1 General
3.3.2 Set pressure
3.3.3 Locking or sealing
3.3.4 Discharge capacity
3.3.5 Reserve safety valves
3.4 Excess flow valves and non return valves
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Multiple-tank systems
3.5 Manual shut off valves
3.6 Vapour return valve
3.7 Liquid level gauges
3.7.1 General
3.7.2 Fixed liquid level gauges
3.7.3 Standard filling level
3.7.4 Variable level gauges
3.7.5 Visual gauges
3.8 Pressure gauges
3.8.1 General
3.8.2 Position
3.9 Temperature gauges
3.9.1 General
3.9.2 Position
3.10 Tank location
3.10.1 General
3.10.2 Separation of tank from surroundings
3.10.3 Adjacent ammonia tanks
3.10.4 Tanks near flammable and combustible liquid storages
3.10.5 Housekeeping
3.10.6 Chlorine storage
3.10.7 Potable water supply
3.11 Installation
3.11.1 Foundations and supports
3.11.2 Temporary installations
3.11.3 Tank protection
3.11.4 Security of tanks
3.11.5 Restrictions for lockable valves
3.11.6 Security fence construction
3.12 Safety equipment
3.12.1 Suitability
3.12.2 Isolated tanks
3.12.3 Tanks near protected places
3.12.4 Location of safety equipment
4 Tanks for transportation
4.1 Application
4.2 General
4.2.1 Protection of hoses
4.2.2 Vapour return valve
4.3 Road and rail tank vehicles
4.3.1 Road tank vehicles
4.3.2 Rail tank vehicles
4.4 Skid tanks, nurse tanks and applicator tanks
4.4.1 Secure mountings
4.4.2 Valves and accessories
4.4.3 Fusible plugs
4.4.4 Safety equipment
4.5 Placarding
5 Cylinders and cylinder systems
5.1 Application
5.2 Equipment
5.2.1 Cylinders
5.2.2 Valves
5.3 Storage and handling
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Ventilation
5.3.3 Adjacent hazards
5.3.4 Cylinders in use
5.3.5 Storage of cylinders not in use
5.3.6 Minor storage
5.4 Inspection and testing
5.5 Filling cylinders
5.6 Cylinder handling and transport
5.6.1 Handling
5.6.2 Transport
5.7 Safety equipment
6 Refrigerated storage
6.1 Application of section
6.2 Tank construction
6.2.1 Design pressure of 100 kPa and below
6.2.2 Design pressure above 100 kPa
6.2.3 Materials
6.2.4 Marking
6.2.5 Secondary containment
6.3 Location and installation
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Foundations
6.3.3 Soil freezing
6.3.4 Insulation
6.3.5 Compounds
6.3.6 Bunds
6.4 Filling and discharging valves
6.4.1 Use of non-return valves and shut off valves
6.4.2 Use of excess flow valves
6.5 Pressure relief
6.5.1 Total relieving capacity
6.5.2 Safety hatch
6.5.3 Vent lines
6.5.4 Weather protection
6.5.5 Vacuum breakers
6.6 Refrigeration systems
6.6.1 Design
6.6.2 Emergency power
6.6.3 Refrigeration load
6.6.4 Control system
6.6.5 Compressors
6.6.6 Condensers
6.6.7 Receiver and liquid drain
7 Operations
7.1 Application
7.2 Establishment of procedures
7.2.1 Procedures required
7.2.2 Promulgation of procedures
7.2.3 Review and upkeep of procedures
7.2.4 Operating procedures
7.2.5 Construction and maintenance procedures
7.2.6 Emergency procedures
7.3 Placarding
7.4 Training of personnel
7.4.1 Training
7.4.2 Employees
7.4.3 Contractors
7.4.4 Visitors
7.4.5 Refresher training
7.5 Work activities and supervision
7.6 Compliance with procedures
7.7 Records
7.8 General precautions
7.8.1 Use of water in emergencies
7.8.2 Stress corrosion
7.9 Inspection and testing
7.9.1 Tanks
7.9.2 Cylinders
7.9.3 Rail tank vehicles
7.9.4 Road vehicles
7.9.5 Safety and relief valves
7.9.6 Excess flow valves and non-return valves
7.9.7 Rigid piping and swivel joint assemblies
7.9.8 Flexible steel hose
7.9.9 Hose
7.9.10 Liquid level gauges
7.9.11 Pressure gauges
7.9.12 Temperature gauges
7.9.13 Emergency shut-down (ESD) systems
7.10 Transfer of anhydrous ammonia
7.10.1 General
7.10.2 Attendant
7.10.3 Protective equipment
7.10.4 Precautions against movement
7.10.5 Bleed valves
7.10.6 Liquid level
7.10.7 Mass filling ratio
7.10.8 Filling refrigerated tanks
7.11 Leak detection and location
7.11.1 General
7.11.2 Location of leaks
7.12 Repairs
7.12.1 Personnel
7.12.2 Protective equipment
7.12.3 Purging
7.12.4 Welded repairs
7.12.5 Repairs to rail tank vehicles
8 Emergency management
8.1 Application
8.2 Planning for emergencies
8.2.1 Design of premises
8.2.2 Emergency plan
8.2.2.1 General
8.2.2.2 Premises emergency plan
8.2.2.3 Plan for the use by emergency services
8.2.2.4 Review of emergency plan
8.3 Manifest
8.4 Placarding
8.4.1 Placarding of stores
8.4.2 Safety information
8.5 Management of leaks and spills
9 Fire protection
9.1 Application
9.2 General considerations
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Hazards
9.2.3 Design and compatibility
9.2.3.1 General
9.2.3.2 Heat protection
9.2.4 Control of run off
9.2.5 Location of firefighting equipment
9.2.6 Protection of firefighting equipment
9.2.7 Protection from adjacent fire exposure
9.3 Fixed fire protection and detection systems
9.4 Fire alarm systems
9.5 Fire extinguishers
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 Maintenance
9.6 Hose reels
9.6.1 General
9.6.2 Location
9.7 Fire hydrants
9.7.1 General
9.7.2 Location
9.7.3 Maintenance
9.8 Monitors
9.9 Sprinkler systems
9.9.1 General
9.9.2 Maintenance
9.10 Water supply
9.11 Fire protection requirements
9.12 Action in event of a fire
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
C1 Introduction
C2 Factors affecting stress corrosion cracking
C3 Risk control strategies
Appendix D
D1 Pressure tanks and vaporizers
Appendix E
E1 Introduction
E2 Determination of standard filling level
E2.1 Application
E2.2 Principle
E2.3 Procedure
E3 Procedure—Filling by weight
E3.1 Application
E3.2 Filling procedure
E4 Procedure—Filling by volume—Standard liquid level method
E4.1 Application
E4.2 Filling procedure
E5 Filling by volume—Temperature correction method
E5.1 Application
E5.2 Determination of maximum permitted level
E6 Filling procedure
Appendix F
Amendment control sheet
Cited references in this standard
Content history
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AS/NZS 2022:2003 REC:2023
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