Standard
UPDATE AVAILABLE
AS ISO 3452.1:2020
[Superseded]Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing, Part 1: General principles
The objective of this Standard is to specify a method of penetrant testing used to detect discontinuities, e.g. cracks, laps, folds, porosity and lack of fusion, which are open to the surface of the material to be tested. It is mainly applied to metallic materials, but can also be performed on other materials, provided that they are inert to the test media and not excessively porous (castings, forgings, welds, ceramics, etc.)
Published: 06/03/2020
Pages: 22
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Safety precautions
5 General principles
5.1 Personnel
5.2 Description of the method
5.3 Process sequence
5.4 Equipment
5.5 Effectiveness
6 Products, sensitivity and designation
6.1 Product family
6.2 Testing products
6.3 Sensitivity
6.4 Designation
7 Compatibility of testing materials with the part(s) to be tested
7.1 General
7.2 Compatibility of penetrant testing products
7.3 Compatibility of penetrant testing materials with parts under examination
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
8 Test procedure
8.1 Written test procedure
8.2 Precleaning
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Mechanical precleaning
8.2.3 Chemical precleaning
8.2.4 Drying
8.3 Temperature
8.4 Application of penetrant
8.4.1 Methods of application
8.4.2 Penetration time
8.5 Excess penetrant removal
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Water
8.5.3 Solvents
8.5.4 Emulsifier
8.5.4.1 Hydrophilic (water-dilutable)
8.5.4.2 Lipophilic (oil-based)
8.5.5 Water and solvent
8.5.6 Excess penetrant removal check
8.5.7 Drying
8.6 Application of developer
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Dry powder
8.6.3 Water-suspendable developer
8.6.4 Solvent-based developer
8.6.5 Water-soluble developer
8.6.6 Water- or solvent-based for special application (e.g. peelable developer)
8.6.7 Development time
8.7 Inspection
8.7.1 Viewing conditions
8.7.1.1 General
8.7.1.2 Fluorescent techniques
8.7.1.3 Colour contrast techniques
8.7.2 General
8.7.3 Wipe-off technique
8.7.4 Recording
8.8 Postcleaning and protection
8.8.1 Postcleaning
8.8.2 Protection
8.9 Retesting
9 Test report
Annex A
Annex B
B.1 General
B.2 Records
B.3 Control tests
B.3.1 Materials levels (including refillable spray systems)
B.3.2 System performance
B.3.2.1 Reference test parts cleaning
B.3.3 Penetrant appearance
B.3.4 Rinse water appearance
B.3.5 Rinse water temperature
B.3.6 Oven temperature
B.3.7 Working area
B.3.8 Compressed-air filter(s)
B.3.9 UV-A lamps
B.3.10 UV-A irradiance
B.3.11 Visible light intensity in inspection booth (fluorescent systems)
B.3.12 Visible light intensity (colour contrast systems)
B.3.13 Fluorescent brightness
B.3.14 Colour contrast intensity
B.3.14.1
B.3.14.2
B.3.14.3
B.3.15 Supplier’s overcheck
B.3.16 Concentration of hydrophilic remover
B.3.17 Developers
B.3.17.1 Appearance of dry powder
B.3.17.2 Fluorescence of dry powder
B.3.17.3 Water-soluble developer
B.3.17.3.1 Concentration
B.3.17.3.2 Wetting test
B.3.17.3.3 Temperature
B.3.17.3.4 Fluorescence of solution
B.3.17.4 Water-suspendable developer
B.3.17.4.1 Concentration
B.3.17.4.2 Temperature
B.3.17.4.3 Fluorescence of suspension
B.3.18 Ultraviolet radiometer calibration
B.3.19 Luxmeter calibration
B.3.20 Thermometer calibration
B.3.21 Pressure gauge calibration
B.3.22 Test block calibration
Annex C
Bibliography
Cited references in this standard
[Current]
Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing — Part 6: Penetrant testing at temperatures lower than 10 degrees C
[Current]
Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing — Part 5: Penetrant testing at temperatures higher than 50 degrees C
Content history
[Current]
[Superseded]
[Superseded]
DR AS ISO 3452.1:2019
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