Standard
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AS 3778.2.3:2023
[Current]Measurement of water flow in open channels, Part 2.3: General — Determination of the stage-discharge relationship (ISO 18320:2020, IDT)
AS 3778.2.3:2023 identically adopts ISO 18320:2020, which specifies methods of determining the stage–discharge relationship for gauging stations
Published: 17/11/2023
Pages: 49
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Symbols
4 Principle of the stage–discharge relationship
4.1 General
4.2 Controls
4.3 Governing hydraulic formulae
5 Stage–discharge calibration of a gauging station
5.1 General
5.2 Preparation of a stage–discharge relationship
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 List of discharge measurements
5.2.3 Arithmetic plotting scales
5.2.4 Logarithmic plotting scales
5.2.5 Commercially available software
5.2.6 Rating-curve shape
5.2.6.1 General
5.2.6.2 Gauge height of zero flow
5.3 Curve fitting
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Hydraulic-formula curves
5.3.3 Mathematical rating curves
5.3.4 Software packages to aid the determination of the rating curve
5.4 Combination-control stage–discharge relationships
5.5 Stable stage–discharge relationships
5.6 Unstable stage–discharge relationships
5.7 Shifting controls
5.8 Variable-backwater effects
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Downstream backwater influences
5.8.3 Hysteresis effects or loop rating curves
5.9 Extrapolation of the stage–discharge relationship
6 Methods of testing stage–discharge relationships
7 Uncertainty in the stage–discharge relationship
7.1 General
7.2 Definition of uncertainty
7.3 Statistical analysis of the stage–discharge relationship
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Standard error of estimate
7.3.3 Standard uncertainty
7.4 Uncertainty of predicted discharge
Annex A
A.1 Section control
A.2 Channel control
A.3 Combination controls
Annex B
Annex C
C.1 General
C.2 CES
C.3 Components of the CES
C.4 Calculating conveyance in CES
C.5 Other packages
Annex D
Annex E
E.1 General
Annex F
Annex G
G.1 General
G.2 Hand methods of extrapolating a stage–discharge relationship
G.3 Use of models to extrapolate a stage–discharge relationship
Annex H
H.1 General
H.2 Example of uncertainty calculations for individual gaugings
H.3 Example of overall estimation of uncertainty for a given stage reading
Bibliography
Cited references in this standard
[Current]
Hydrometry — Measurement of liquid flow in open channels — Velocity area methods using point velocity measurements
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