Standard
UPDATE AVAILABLE
AS 3774-1996
[Withdrawn]Loads on bulk solids containers
Specifies requirements for the determination of loads for the design of containment structures for the mass storage of bulk solids. The loads include permanent loads, normal service loads, environmental loads, and accidental loads. Does not apply to containers for the storage of silage.
Published: 05/10/1996
Pages: 77
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
PREFACE
1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.4 NOTATION
2 CLASSIFICATION AND GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF BULK STORAGE CONTAINERS
2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF CONTAINERS
2.1.1 Bases of classification system
2.1.2 Container geometry
2.1.3 Flow mode
2.1.4 Flow geometry
2.1.5 Roughness of wall surfaces
2.1.6 Flexibility of walls in the hoop direction
2.1.7 Continuity of walls in the vertical direction
2.1.8 Cross-sectional shapes
2.1.9 Configuration of discharge outlets
2.1.10 Means of flow promotion
2.2 GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF CONTAINERS
2.2.1 Basic parameters
2.2.2 Origin of vertical coordinate
2.3 CONTAINER CAPACITY
3 PROPERTIES OF BULK SOLIDS
3.1 CLASSIFICATION
3.2 PROPERTIES FOR LOADING CALCULATION
3.3 OTHER PROPERTIES
3.4 REPRESENTATIVE VALUES
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Unit weight
3.4.3 Effective angle of internal friction
3.4.4 Angle of wall friction
3.4.5 Angle of repose
3.4.6 Effective elastic modulus
3.5 COMBINATION OF CHARACTERISTIC VALUES
4 LOAD CLASSIFICATION, LOAD COMBINATIONS, AND LOAD FACTORS
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 LOAD COMBINATIONS
4.3 LOAD FACTORS
4.4 CONTAINERS SUBJECT TO REPEATED LOADING
4.5 CONSTRUCTION TOLERANCES
4.5.1 Relationship between the loads and wall imperfections
4.5.2 Permissible deviations
4.6 ALLOWANCE FOR WEAR AND CORROSION
5 DETERMINATION OF PERMANENT LOADS (GROUP A)
5.1 SELF-WEIGHT OF THE STRUCTURE AND FIXED MECHANICAL PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (LOAD TYPE A.1)
5.2 LOADS FROM STRUCTURES SUPPORTED BY THE CONTAINER
6 DETERMINATION OF NORMAL SERVICE LOADS (GROUP B)
6.1 RELEVANT PROPERTIES OF STORED BULK SOLID
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Unit weight of bulk solid
6.1.3 Angle of wall friction
6.1.4 Effective angle of internal friction
6.1.5 Consistent material properties
6.2 INITIAL LOADS ON SYMMETRICALLY FILLED CONTAINER WALLS (LOAD TYPE B.2)
6.2.1 Initial normal pressures on vertical walls
6.2.1.1 Normal wall pressures
6.2.1.2 Normal pressures in squat containers
6.2.1.3 Overfilled squat containers
6.2.1.4 Increases in normal wall pressures
6.2.1.5 Normal wall pressures due to rapid filling of powders
6.2.1.6 Pneumatic blending
6.2.1.7 Impact loads on vertical walls
6.2.1.8 Reduced normal wall pressures due to wall flexibility
6.2.1.9 Minimum normal wall pressures
6.2.1.10 Initial normal wall pressure increase due to vibration
6.2.2 Initial frictional forces on vertical walls
6.2.2.1 Frictional tractions
6.2.2.2 Frictional tractions in squat containers
6.2.2.3 Vertical forces in container walls
6.2.3 Initial forces on container closures
6.2.3.1 Vertical pressures in the stored solid
6.2.3.2 Flat-bottomed containers
6.2.3.3 Normal pressures on hopper walls
6.2.3.4 Frictional tractions on hopper walls
6.2.3.5 Impact loads on hoppers due to dumping
6.2.3.6 Pressures on the end walls of a slot hopper
6.3 LOADS INDUCED BY FLOW DURING SYMMETRICAL DISCHARGE (LOAD TYPE B.3)
6.3.1 Method of determining symmetrical flow loadings
6.3.2 Normal pressures on the vertical walls
6.3.2.1 Normal pressures
6.3.2.2 Reduced flow pressures on vertical walls of funnel flow containers
6.3.2.3 Increased flow pressures due to severe external vibration
6.3.3 Friction on vertical walls
6.3.3.1 Frictional tractions
6.3.3.2 Vertical forces in container walls
6.3.3.3 Cohesive bulk solids
6.3.4 Vertical loads on container bottoms
6.3.5 Normal pressures on hoppers
6.3.6 Frictional traction on hoppers
6.3.7 Normal pressures on the vertical end walls of a slot hopper
6.4 INITIAL LOADS ON ECCENTRICALLY FILLED CONTAINER WALLS (LOAD TYPE B.2)
6.4.1 Normal pressures on vertical walls
6.4.2 Frictional tractions on vertical walls
6.5 FLOW LOADS ON ECCENTRICALLY DISCHARGED CONTAINER WALLS (LOAD TYPE B.3)
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Normal pressures on vertical walls
6.5.2.1 General
6.5.2.2 Pressure increases
6.5.2.3 Pressure reductions
6.6 LOADS ASSOCIATED WITH GATES AND FEEDERS
6.6.1 Loads on gates and feeders from the stored solid
6.6.2 Increased gate and feeder loads due to large drop heights and rapid fill rates
6.6.3 Horizontal loads on containers due to unattached feeders
6.7 LIVE LOADS ON PLATFORMS AND ROOFS (LOAD TYPE B.5)
6.8 LOADS DUE TO DIFFERENTIAL GAS PRESSURE (LOAD TYPE B.6)
6.8.1 Negative gas pressure due to dust control equipment
6.8.2 Adiabatic pressure drop due to temperature drop
6.8.3 Internal pressure due to pneumatic discharge
6.8.4 Rapid discharge of solids of low permeability
6.9 FORCES FROM LATERAL RESTRAINTS (LOAD TYPE B.7)
6.9.1 Loads in lateral restraints
6.9.2 Loads due to the container being used as a restraint
6.10 LOADS ON INTERNAL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS WITHIN THE STORED SOLID (LOAD TYPE B.8)
6.10.1 General
6.10.2 Vertical pressures on internal structural elements
6.10.3 Horizontal pressures and internal structural elements
6.10.4 Frictional tractions on internal structural elements
6.10.5 Vertical forces on internal structural elements
6.11 LOADS TRANSMITTED TO SUPPORTS
6.12 LOADS DUE TO BULK SOLIDS ON CONTAINER ROOFS
7 DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS (GROUP C)
7.1 WIND LOADS (LOAD TYPE C.1)
7.1.1 General
7.1.2 Negative internal air pressure
7.2 LOADS DUE TO DIFFERENTIAL SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATIONS (LOAD TYPE C.2)
7.2.1 Assessment of differential settlements
7.2.2 Differential settlement under column-supported containers
7.2.3 Differential settlement under ground-supported containers
7.3 LOADS DUE TO DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE (LOAD TYPE C.3)
7.3.1 Assessment of differential temperature
7.3.2 Temperature decrease in container walls
7.3.3 Temperature differentials in supporting columns
7.3.4 Storage of hot bulk solids
7.4 SEISMIC LOADS (LOAD TYPE C.4)
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Elevated containers and supporting structures
7.4.3 Ground-supported structures
7.4.3.1 General
7.4.3.2 Cylindrical containers
7.4.3.3 Rectangular containers
7.5 LOADS DUE TO SWELLING OF STORED BULK SOLIDS (LOAD TYPE C.5)
8 DETERMINATION OF ACCIDENTAL LOADS (GROUP D)
8.1 VEHICLE IMPACT LOADS (LOAD TYPE D.1)
8.2 PRESSURE CAUSED BY INTERNAL EXPLOSION (LOAD TYPE D.2)
8.3 FORCES DUE TO CONTAINED WATER (LOAD TYPE D.3)
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
B1 PROPERTIES FOR LOADING CALCULATIONS
B2 DETERMINATION OF UPPER AND LOWER CHARACTERISTIC VALUES
B3 DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE ANGLE OF WALL FRICTION FOR SURFACE ROUGHNESS CATEGORY
B4 EFFECTIVE ANGLE OF WALL FRICTION FOR COARSE SPHERICAL GRAINS
APPENDIX C
C1 THE METHOD OF TESTING
C2 FACTORS WHICH CAN MODIFY FLOW PROPERTIES
C2.1 Particle size and distribution
C2.2 Moisture content
C2.3 Aeration
C2.4 Particle cohesion
C2.5 Vibration
C2.6 Slip-stick properties
C2.7 Other factors
C3 UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY
APPENDIX D
Cited references in this standard
[Available Superseded]
Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code), Part 1: Dead and live loads and load combinations
[Available Superseded]
Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code), Part 2: Wind loads
[Current]
Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders — Design, construction and installation
[Withdrawn]
The use of steel in structures (known as the SAA Steel Structures Code)
Content history
[Withdrawn]
[Withdrawn]
[Withdrawn]
[Superseded]
$193.66
AUD
Inclusive of GST
Available formats
Web Reader
Licence:
1 user
Total
$193.66
