Standard
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AS 2927:2019
[Current]The storage and handling of liquefied chlorine gas
The objective of this Standard is to promote the safety of persons and property where chlorine is stored or handled in its gaseous or liquefied forms by providing requirements and recommendations that are based on industry best practices.
Published: 20/12/2019
Pages: 91
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
1 Scope and general
1.1 Scope
1.2 Application
1.3 Normative references
1.4 New designs and innovations
1.5 Terms and definitions
1.6 Classification of chlorine
1.7 Placarding, marking and labelling of containers, equipment, installations and storage areas
1.8 Security of installations and storage areas
1.9 Marking and labelling of pipework
2 Minor storage
2.1 Scope of section
2.2 Criteria for classification as minor storage
2.3 Requirements applicable to minor storage
2.4 Outdoor minor storage
2.5 Indoor minor storage
3 Transit storage
3.1 Scope of section
3.2 Requirements for vehicles and trailers in transit storage areas
3.3 Requirements for transit storage areas
3.3.1 Separation distances
3.3.2 Security
3.3.3 Emergency planning
3.3.4 Demarcation
4 Storage and handling areas
4.1 Scope of section
4.2 Handling areas
4.3 Storage
4.3.1 Separation
4.3.2 Foundations
4.3.3 Access
4.3.4 Protection from heat sources
4.3.5 Impact protection
4.4 Securing of containers
4.4.1 Cylinders
4.4.2 Drums and tanks
4.5 Other requirements
5 Requirements for chlorine installations at public swimming pools
5.1 Scope of section
5.2 Location of chlorine installations
5.3 Chlorine installation requirements
5.3.1 System configuration
5.3.2 Wind direction indication
5.3.3 System configuration restrictions
5.3.4 Chlorine inventory management
5.4 Additional risk controls
5.5 Provision of SCBA
6 Location, design and construction of chlorine installations
6.1 Scope of section
6.2 Application
6.3 Location, design and construction of chlorine installations
6.3.1 Location of chlorine installations
6.3.1.1 General
6.3.1.2 Measurement of separation distances
6.3.2 Design and construction of chlorine installations
6.3.2.1 General
6.3.2.2 Foundations
6.3.2.3 Access and egress
6.3.2.4 Electrical equipment
6.4 Additional requirements for outdoor installations
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Egress from outdoor installations
6.5 Additional requirements for indoor installations
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Doors for personnel
6.5.3 Ventilation for indoor installations
6.5.3.1 General
6.5.3.2 Containers not connected for use
6.5.3.3 Containers connected for use
6.5.3.4 Natural ventilation
6.5.3.5 Mechanical ventilation
6.5.4 Ventilation of chlorination rooms
6.5.4.1 General
6.5.4.2 Natural ventilation
6.5.4.3 Mechanical ventilation
6.6 Approval of changes to chlorine installations
7 Storage and handling equipment for chlorine
7.1 Scope of section
7.2 Containers
7.2.1 Cylinders
7.2.2 Drums and tanks
7.3 Chlorinators
7.3.1 Materials of construction
7.3.2 Location
7.3.3 Pressure relief
7.4 Vaporizers (evaporators)
7.4.1 Operating principle
7.4.2 Design of vaporizers
7.4.2.1 Design considerations
7.4.2.2 Heating methods
7.4.2.3 Excess pressure
7.4.2.4 High temperatures
7.4.2.5 Materials of construction
7.4.3 Vaporizer controls and indicators
7.4.3.1 Controls and indicators for all vaporizers
7.4.4 Installing the vaporizer
7.4.5 Maintenance, testing and inspection of vaporizers and ancillary equipment
7.5 Piping systems
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Management of moisture
7.5.3 Testing
7.5.4 Reduction of liquefaction hazard
7.5.5 Materials of construction
7.5.6 Piping gradients
7.5.7 Fixed and underground piping systems
7.5.7.1 Metal piping
7.5.7.2 Plastics piping
7.5.7.3 Underground piping
7.5.7.4 Pressure relief devices
7.5.8 Flexible piping and hoses
7.5.8.1 Pressure systems
7.5.8.2 Vacuum systems
7.5.8.3 Flexible copper tubing
7.5.8.4 Plastics piping for pressure systems
7.5.8.5 Transfer hoses for road tankers
7.6 Valves
7.6.1 General
7.6.2 Globe valves
7.6.3 Ball valves
7.6.4 Vacuum-operated valves
7.6.5 Gas valves under vacuum
7.7 Joints and fittings
7.7.1 Joints
7.7.2 Fittings
7.7.3 Pressure gauges and switches
7.8 Chlorine safety equipment
7.8.1 Leak detectors
7.8.1.1 Site requirements
7.8.1.2 Performance requirements
7.8.1.3 Frequency of testing
7.8.2 Sprinkler systems
7.8.3 Caustic soda venting systems
7.8.4 Wind direction indicators
7.8.5 Chlorine scrubbers
7.8.5.1 General
7.8.5.2 Performance requirements
7.8.5.2.1 Dry media scrubber systems
7.8.5.2.2 Wet scrubber systems
7.8.5.3 Test requirements
7.8.6 Automatic devices for shutting off container valves
7.8.6.1 General
7.8.6.2 Performance requirements
7.8.6.3 Testing of automatic shut-off devices
8 Operational and personnel safety
8.1 Scope of section
8.2 Operation of the installation
8.2.1 Authorized personnel
8.2.2 Operating instructions
8.3 Medical examination
8.4 Personnel training
8.4.1 Job knowledge
8.4.2 Training
8.5 General precautions
8.5.1 Control of entry
8.5.2 Clear access
8.5.3 Lighting
8.5.4 Checking of safety equipment
8.5.5 Safety information
8.6 Transfer operations
8.7 Movement of containers
8.7.1 Cylinders
8.7.2 Drums
8.8 Connecting and manifolding containers
8.8.1 Connecting of containers
8.8.2 Making and breaking connections
8.8.2.1 Safety precautions
8.8.2.2 Integrity of new connections
8.8.3 Manifolding of containers
8.8.4 Withdrawal of chlorine from a container
8.9 Inspection of plant and equipment
8.10 Safety procedures for construction and maintenance work
8.10.1 General
8.10.2 Routine work
8.10.3 Management of change
8.10.4 Work permits
8.10.5 Hot work
8.10.6 Work inside a confined space
8.10.7 Preparation of worksite and plant
8.10.8 Completion of work and commissioning
8.11 Personal protective equipment
8.11.1 General
8.11.2 Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
8.11.2.1 Specification and maintenance
8.11.2.2 Location
8.11.3 Protective clothing
8.11.4 Care, inspection and maintenance of personal protective equipment
8.12 First aid
8.12.1 First aid station
8.12.2 Safety shower and eyewash facilities
9 Emergency management
9.1 Scope of section
9.2 Planning for emergencies
9.2.1 Considerations in designing sites
9.2.2 Emergency plan
9.2.2.1 General
9.2.2.2 Site emergency plan
9.2.2.3 Plan for use by emergency services
9.2.2.4 Review of emergency plan
9.3 Management of leaks
10 Fire protection
10.1 Scope of section
10.2 General considerations
10.3 Fire protection measures
10.3.1 General
10.3.2 Fire protection systems
10.3.3 Design
10.3.4 Heat protection
10.3.5 Compatibility
10.3.6 Location
10.3.7 Weather protection
10.4 Water supply and fire water retention
10.5 Fire protection requirements
10.6 Action in the event of fire
11 Disposal of chlorine containers and contaminated equipment
Appendix A
Appendix B
B.1 General
B.2 Toxicity
B.3 Flammability
B.4 Density
B.5 Corrosive action on metals
B.6 Reactivity to combustibles and lubricants
B.7 Thermal expansion
B.8 Nitrogen trichloride risk
Appendix C
C.1 General
C.2 Transport and storage requirements
C.2.1 Containers
C.2.2 Loaded vehicles and rail wagons
C.3 Sites
C.3.1 Fixed tanks and process equipment
C.3.2 Piping
C.3.3 Installations and storage areas
C.3.4 HAZCHEM placard
C.3.5 Additional workplace signage
Appendix D
D.1 General
Appendix E
Appendix F
F.1 General
F.2 Actuator power
F.3 Operation
F.4 Actuator valve connection
Appendix G
Appendix H
H.1 Scope
H.2 Physiological effects
H.3 Concentration effects of chlorine gas
H.4 Plan of action for first aid
H.5 Medical treatment
H.5.1 General
H.5.2 Inhalation
H.5.3 Eye irritation
H.5.4 Skin contact
Appendix I
I.1 Gas leaks
I.1.1 Evacuation
I.1.2 Action by trained, equipped personnel
I.2 Liquid leaks and spills
I.2.1 Essential requirements
I.2.2 Action to be taken
I.3 Fire
I.3.1 Dangers from fire
I.3.2 Steps to be taken
Appendix J
Appendix K
K.1 General
K.2 Fixed systems
K.2.1 Fixed fire protection and detection systems
K.2.2 Fire alarm systems
K.3 Fire extinguishers
K.3.1 General
K.3.2 Special risks
K.3.3 Maintenance
K.3.4 Limitations
K.4 Fire hose reels
K.4.1 General
K.4.2 Maintenance
K.5 Fire hydrants
K.5.1 General
K.5.2 Maintenance
K.6 Monitors
K.7 Sprinkler systems
Appendix L
L.1 General
L.2 Classification of hazards
Appendix M
M.1 General
M.2 Vulnerability
M.3 Protection of liquefied chlorine gas containers in storage areas and installations
M.4 Impact protection assessment
Bibliography
Cited references in this standard
AS 2809
Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods (all parts)
[Current]
Concrete structures - Commentary (Supplement 1 to AS 3600:2018)
Content history
[Available Superseded]
[Superseded]
DR2 AS 2927:2019
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