Standard
Track updates
AS 2832.1:2015
[Current]Cathodic protection of metals, Part 1: Pipes and cables
Specifies requirements for the cathodic protection of buried or submerged metallic pipes and cables. This Standard does not apply to offshore submarine pipelines.
Published: 27/01/2015
Pages: 100
Table of contents
Cited references
Content history
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Foreword
1 Scope and general
1.1 Scope
1.2 Referenced documents
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Competence of personnel
1.4.1 General
1.4.2 Cathodic Protection Technician
1.4.3 Cathodic Protection Technologist
2 Criteria for cathodic protection
2.1 Scope and general
2.1.1 Scope
2.1.2 General
2.2 Protection criteria
2.2.1 General
2.2.2 Potential criteria
2.2.2.1 General
2.2.2.2 Ferrous structure
2.2.2.3 Copper/copper alloy structure
2.2.2.4 Lead structure
2.2.2.5 Mixed metal structure
2.2.2.6 Structures subject to variable stray current effects
2.2.2.6.1 General
2.2.2.6.2 Traction current effects
2.2.2.6.3 Telluric current effects
2.2.2.7 Structures subject to a.c. interference corrosion
2.2.3 100 mV polarization decay criterion
2.2.4 Alternative criteria
2.2.4.1 Coupon criterion
2.2.4.2 Resistance probe criterion
2.2.4.3 Other criteria
2.3 Overprotection
3 Measuring techniques and equipment
3.1 General
3.2 Potential measurement and equipment
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Positioning of monitoring electrodes
3.2.3 Off-potential measurements
3.3 Current measurement and equipment
4 Design of structures to accommodate cathodic protection
4.1 Scope and general
4.1.1 Scope
4.1.2 General
4.2 Materials of construction
4.3 Coated and uncoated structures
4.4 Electrical hazards and disturbances
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Direct current
4.4.3 Surge current (short-term conditions)
4.4.4 Continuous alternating current
4.4.5 Mitigation measures for pipeline currents
4.5 Test points
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Spacing
4.5.3 Location
4.5.4 In situ reference electrodes
4.6 Insulating joints (isolation joints)
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Location of insulation joints
4.6.3 Hazards and obstacles
4.7 Road, rail and other crossings
4.8 Electrical isolation
4.9 Electrical continuity
5 Design of cathodic protection systems
5.1 Scope and general
5.1.1 Scope
5.1.2 General
5.2 Safety hazards
5.2.1 Electrical hazards
5.2.2 Wiring standards
5.3 Design requirements
5.4 Design data
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Structure layout
5.4.3 Cathodic protection current requirements
5.4.4 Environment resistivity
5.4.5 Anode characteristics
5.5 Materials
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Cathodic protection units
5.5.3 DC cables
5.5.3.1 General
5.5.3.2 Insulation
5.5.3.3 Cable connections
5.5.4 Test cables
5.5.5 Anodes
5.5.6 Electrical isolation joints
5.6 Test points
5.7 Reference electrodes
5.8 Electrical earthing
5.9 Natural, indigenous and historic heritage
6 Cathodic protection of structures subject to stray direct traction current
6.1 Scope and general
6.1.1 Scope
6.1.2 General
6.2 Minimization of stray current effects
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Minimization of track leakage current at its source
6.2.3 Mitigation of stray current pick-up and discharge from the structure
6.2.4 Mitigation of stray current discharge using traction current drainage
6.2.4.1 Reduction of discharge to soil
6.2.4.2 Maximizing effectiveness of drainage bonds
6.2.4.3 Drainage bond operation
7 Installation of cathodic protection systems
7.1 Scope
7.2 Approval to install
7.3 Installation practice
7.4 Inspection requirements for materials and equipment
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Anodes
7.4.3 Cables
7.4.4 Cathodic protection unit
7.4.5 Prefabricated insulated joints
7.5 Installation of galvanic anode systems
7.5.1 Buried anodes
7.5.2 Immersed anodes
7.6 Installation of impressed current anode systems
7.6.1 Cabling
7.6.2 Anodes and groundbed
7.6.3 Cathodic protection unit
7.7 Installation of insulating joints
8 Control of interference with foreign structures
8.1 Scope and general
8.1.1 Scope
8.1.2 General
8.2 Interference testing
8.3 Minimization of interference current
8.3.1 Design of the system
8.3.2 Methods of minimizing interference currents
8.3.3 Detection of interference levels
8.3.3.1 General
8.3.3.2 Detection methods
8.3.3.3 Interference limits
8.3.4 Control of interference
8.3.4.1 General
8.3.4.2 Control by using galvanic anodes
8.3.4.3 Control by bonding
9 Commissioning of cathodic protection systems
9.1 Scope and general
9.1.1 Scope
9.1.2 General
9.2 Pre-energization testing
9.2.1 Galvanic anode systems
9.2.2 Impressed current systems
9.3 System operation and adjustment
9.4 Post-energization tests
9.5 Records
9.6 Operation manuals
10 Operation of cathodic protection systems
10.1 Scope and general
10.1.1 Scope
10.1.2 General
10.2 System operation checks
10.2.1 Impressed current systems
10.2.2 Galvanic anode installations
10.2.3 Current drainage systems
10.3 Equipment inspections
10.4 Cathodic protection potential surveys
10.5 Repeat interference testing
10.6 Records
11 Documentation of cathodic protection systems
11.1 System design documentation
11.2 Commissioning documentation
Appendix A
A1 Scope
A2 General components of cathodic protection installations
A3 Factors affecting the corrosion of buried or partially buried metallic structures
A4 Telluric effects
Appendix B
B1 General
B2 Structure off-potentials
B3 Coupon off-potentials
B4 Resistance probes
B5 Use of coupons and resistance probes
Appendix C
C1 Scope and general
C1.1 Scope
C1.2 General
C2 Calibration
C3 Maintenance
Appendix D
Appendix E
E1 General
E2 Coating properties
E3 Coating choice
E4 Coating life
Appendix F
F1 General
F1.1 AC effects
F1.2 Mitigative measures
F2 Nature of electrical hazards
F2.1 General
F2.2 Physical damage to the structure or its coating
F2.3 Risk to personnel who may be in contact or close proximity to the structure
F2.4 Cathodic protection
F3 Hazard mechanisms
F3.1 General
F3.2 Low frequency induction under operating conditions
F3.3 Low frequency induction under fault conditions
F3.4 Earth potential rise
F3.5 Capacitive coupling
F3.6 Conductive coupling
F3.7 Lightning
F4 Acceptable voltage limits
F4.1 General
F4.2 Voltage limits during construction or maintenance activities.
F4.3 Voltage limits on buried sections of pipeline
F5 Assessment of hazard
F6 Protective measures
F7 Pipeline corrosion resulting from LFI
F8 Personnel safety during pipeline operation and maintenance
F8.1 General
F8.2 Operational activities
F8.3 Pipe excavation
F8.4 Equipotential mats
F8.5 Protective equipment
F8.6 Pipe continuity
Appendix G
G1 Scope
G2 Determination of cathodic protection current
G2.1 General
G2.2 Prediction of current requirement from design parameters
G2.3 Determination of current requirement by field test on existing structures
G3 Anode arrangements
G3.1 General
G3.2 Calculation of appropriate anode/structure separation
G3.3 Anode positioning
G3.3.1 Galvanic anodes
G3.3.2 Impressed current anodes
G3.4 Anode positioning details
G3.4.1 General
G3.4.2 Shallow groundbeds
G3.4.3 Deep well groundbeds
G4 Anode materials and applications
G5 Galvanic anodes
G6 Calculation of anode output current
G7 Power supply considerations
G8 Backfills
G8.1 Electronic conduction backfills
G8.2 Electrolytic conduction backfills
G9 Attenuation considerations
G10 Provision for stray currents
G11 System design documentation
Appendix H
Appendix I
Appendix J
J1 Factors affecting the regularity of structure inspections
Appendix K
Appendix L
L1 General
L2 Test methods
L3 Factors affecting test results
L4 Assessment of HDD coating integrity
L5 Outline of the polarization change or off-potential test
L6 Outline of the on-potential voltage swing or on-potential method of test
Appendix M
M1 General
M2 Procedure for testing isolation between structure and metal casings
M2.1 Initial testing
M2.2 Additional testing
M3 Procedure for locating short circuits
Appendix N
Appendix O
O1 General
O2 Electrical hazard mitigation earthing systems
O3 Interaction between CP, LFI and EPR control
O4 Lightning protection (LP)
O5 Polarization cells
O6 Surge diverters
O7 Shielding of cathodic protection
Appendix P
P1 General
P2 Pre-installation insulation test
P3 Post-installation insulation tests
P4 Locating the cause of a short or partial short in an insulating flange joint
Cited references in this standard
[Withdrawn]
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Generic emission standard, Part 2: Industrial environments
AS/NZS 1852
International electrotechnical vocabulary (series)
[Current]
Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules)
[Current]
Electrical installations — Selection of cables, Part 1.1: Cables for alternating voltages up to and including 0.6/1 kV — Typical Australian installation conditions
[Current]
Approval and test specification — General requirements for electrical equipment
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